Gonorrhea is an infectious sexual disease (sexually transmitted disease (STD)). Gonorrhea is caused by a bacterium named Neisseria ganorrhea which grows easily and rapidly in the hot and wet areas of the reproductive tract in women and men. Its bacteria also grow in the mouth, throat, eyes and anus. Like syphilis, it is also an infectious disease, so it is the same men and women who have sexual contact with the person suffering from this disease.

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In gonorrhea, as there is a wound inside the penis and it comes out, so in Hindi it is called ‘Puyameh’, the formal poemameh and ‘Parma’ and in the English language it is called gonorrhoea. In Western countries it is also known as clap.

The primary means of infection is sexual contact; during pregnancy or at birth, this disease can be transmitted from mother to child or even in the womb, due to which natural syphilis occurs. Other diseases caused by the related Treponema pallidum include yaz (subspecies pertenue), pinta (subspecies caratium) and bezels (subspecies endemicum).

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Signs and symptoms

The signs and symptoms of gonorrhea depend on which of its four stages (primary, secondary, latent and tertiary).
In the primary stage, a single ulcer (a stable, painless, itchy ulcer form) is usually present, with rash extending into the secondary syphilis that often occurs in the palm and soles of the feet, much less in latent syphilis Or have no symptoms and tertiary syphilis has gumma, nervous or cardiac symptoms. However, it is also called a “great imitator” due to its continuous unusual presentation. It is usually diagnosed by a blood test; however, bacteria can also be seen under a microscope

Syphilis can occur in any one of the following four different stages: primary, secondary, latent and tertiary , and also congenital.

Primary syphilis ulcers

Primary syphilis usually occurs due to direct sexual contact with another person’s infectious lesions. A cutaneous lesion, called a ulcer occur at the point of contact, approximately 3 to 90 days (average 21 days) after the initial infection.

Secondary

Specific presentation of secondary syphilis with rashes on the palm of the hands

Reddish papules and nodules due to secondary syphilis in most parts of the body

Secondary syphilis occurs approximately four to ten weeks after the primary infection.  While secondary disease is known to have many different forms, it is most often manifested by symptoms that include the skin, mucous membrane, and lymph nodes. 

The lesions may be painful or tender and may occur outside the genitals . The most common locations in women are the cervix, the sex in heterosexual men, and the anal and rectal more common place in homosexual men. The lymph nodes often grow in the area of ​​infection, which occurs seven to 10 days after the creation of the ulcer

Latent

Latent syphilis is defined by serologic evidence of infection without symptoms of the disease.  In the United States it is early (early) (before 1 year after secondary syphilis) or delayed (1 year after secondary syphilis). More later).The United Kingdom uses a two-year cut-off for early and late latent syphilis.In early latent syphilis. Symptoms may collapse. Late latent syphilis is asymptomatic and not as contagious as early latent syphilis.

Tertiary

A person suffering from tertiary (Gumatius) syphilis. 

Tertiary syphilis can occur 3 to 15 years after the initial infection and can be divided into three different forms: gummatous syphilis (15%), delayed neurosyphilis (6.5%) and cardiovascular syphilis (10%). Tertiary syphilis disease develops in one-third of infected people without treatment. People suffering from tertiary syphilis are not contagious. 

Gummatous syphilis or delayed benign syphilis usually occurs 1 to 46 years after the initial infection, with an average duration of 15 years. This stage is characterized by an old gumma, which is a soft, tumor-like inflated glabrous bulge with varying sizes. They usually affect the skin, bone, and liver and can occur anywhere.

Neurosyphilis is an infection that is related to the central nervous system. It may occur early and may be delayed as uncomplicated or syphilis meningitis, or as meningovascular syphilis, general paralysis, or tabes dorsalis, which relates to flaring pain and poor balance in the lower limbs. K occurs after 4 to 25 years. Meningovascular syphilis is usually indifference and seizures and paralysis of normal muscles that include dementia and tabes dorsalis. Also, there may be Agril Robertson pupils, which are bilateral small pupils that clutch when individuals focus on the nearest object. But does not hold when confronted with bright light. Cardiovascular syphilis usually occurs 10–30 years after infection. The most common complication is syphilitic aortitis that can result in aneurysm formation.

Reason Bacteriology

Treponema pallidum is a spiral-shaped, gram-negative, highly motile bacterium. Unlike subtype pallidum, they do not cause neurological diseases. Humans are the only known natural storehouse for subfamily pallidum. 

Transmission

Syphilis is primarily due to sexual contact or pregnancy with the mother during her pregnancy. Thus it can be infected by kissing near a wound, orally, vaginally, or by anal sex.The disease can develop in about 30 to 60% of people infected with primary or secondary syphilis. It can be transmitted by blood products. However, in many countries there is a blood test for this, hence the risk is low. The risk of transmission from shared needles appears limited. Syphilis may not be transmitted through toilet seats, from daily activities, hot tubs, utensils, or clothing sharing. 

For the body systems to operate fully, the equilibrium of the three energies, called Doshas, which are responsible for all the body processes and for the man’s actions and health, must be preserved.

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